The article first and foremost applies to large commercial listed companies and organizations. It should go without saying that a large part of the content is also applicable to non-listed or smaller organizations, governments, and even individuals. We begin the article with a paragraph on recent technological change, the speed of developments and the impact. We will then discuss current risk management, its nature and goal, the role of legislation, risk management in practice and the effect of certain aspects of human nature. This will make it clear that the way risk management has been dealing with technological change has most often consisted of 'responding' after the fact, as opposed to anticipating. To make it clear why that will not be enough to thrive and survive in the near future, we then do a deep(er) dive on tech developments and their exponential nature, with a focus on what is coming. We end with conclusions and recommendations.

In the context of the plethora of (further) emerging big data (BD) and artificial intelligence (AI) possibilities, the authors investigate the potential for safety and security (S&S) risk management applications. How can Big Data (BD) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) be used in risk management decision making in a Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) environment? Does more S&S data result in better decision making? How to ensure that related relevant issues such as ethics and durability are sufficiently taken into account? To this end they explore literature and discuss future trends in relation to CPS design and S&S risk management. Literature findings indicate three main ways of using big data in risk management. The authors identify several CPS practice related S&S problem area's and discuss new perspectives on BD and AI opportunities in risk management. Focusing on safety decision making, the authors identify benefits, downsides and checkpoints which are  important for use of big safety data in S&S risk management. The authors discuss relevant future trends, reflect on the impact these might have on CPS designs and on S&S applications and identify the limitations of this study. The current BD and AI developments urgently require attention of risk management, as a causal factor in new safety and security hazards, as an opportunity for risk  management to increase grip on increasing CPS complexity, and on CPS sustainability in many economical activities.